Lifecycle, culture, and maintenance of the emerging cephalopod models Euprymna berryi and Euprymna morsei

Cephalopod research remains limited by the inability to culture species under laboratory conditions for multiple generations provide continuous access animals at all stages of life cycle. Here, we describe a multi-generational system two emerging cephalopod models: hummingbird or Berry’s bobtail squid, Euprymna berryi Sasaki, 1929, and Morse’s morsei Verrill, 1881, which are primarily found off mainland Japan. E. wild adults were spawned raised third filial generation, second generation in closed 20°C. We report growth survivorship data cohort 30 individuals across first captivity. grew exponentially during 90 60 days post-hatching, respectively. Survivorship spawning event was 90% 77%. females after 112 71 history each how distinguish sexes. discuss challenges culturing these address those problems.